Table 4 Unadjusted and adjusted analyses of the effects of stunting at the age of 2 years on metabolic syndrome components at the age of 23 years, as stratified by gender, in the 1982 Pelotas cohort study

Variable	Men				Women				Adjusted P interaction
	Unadjusted		Adjusted		Unadjusted		Adjusted
	β	CI	β	CI	β	CI	β	CI
Glycaemia (mg/dl)	0.85	−1.13 to 2.83	0.92	−1.47 to 3.32	1.19	−0.87 to 3.26	1.59	−0.93 to 4.11	0.496
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl)	−0.91	−2.39 to 0.56	0.45	−1.28 to 2.18	−4.50	−6.47 to −2.52	−1.73	−4.12 to 0.66	0.845
Triglycerides (mg/dl)	−11.90	−22.33 to −1.48	−4.74	−16.91 to 7.42	−9.61	−17.66 to −1.56	−4.01	−14.14 to 6.11	0.008
Mean arterial pressure (mm Hg)	−0.04	−1.61 to 1.53	−0.62	−2.45 to 1.22	−0.63	−2.26 to 0.99	−0.50	−2.46 to 1.46	0
Waist circumference (cm)	−4.29	−5.62 to −2.97	−2.61	−4.09 to 0.83	−1.14	−4.22 to −1.02	−2.09	−3.86 to −0.32	0

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
Adjusted for household asset index, family income, mother’s schooling, mother’s smoking during pregnancy, breastfeeding duration, birth weight, mother’s height, mother’s pre-gestational body mass index and skin colour. Adjusted analyses were carried out using linear regression analysis. Comparisons between categories were based on tests of heterogeneity and linear trend for ordinal variables, and the lowest P-value was presented. Analyses were stratified according to gender, and if the P-value for interaction was <0.10 we considered this as evidence of interaction.

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