Table 3 Risk estimates for the intake of different dietary factors and microscopic colitis

From: The association between the intake of specific dietary components and lifestyle factors and microscopic colitis

Quartiles

Quartile range

Crude HR

95% CI

Adjusted HR

95% CI

Protein (E%)

 1

⩽14.01

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

14.02–15.53

1.24

(0.76–2.04)

1.22

(0.74–2.00)

 3

15.54–17.20

1.31

(0.80–2.14)

1.23

(0.75–2.03)

 4

⩾17.21

1.25

(0.76–2.06)

1.26

(0.69–1.88)

 P for trend

 

0.372

 

0.641

 

Carbohydrates (E%)

 1

⩽41.11

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

41.12–44.90

0.85

(0.52–1.38)

0.87

(0.53–1.41)

 3

44.91–48.66

0.87

(0.54–1.41)

0.89

(0.55–1.45)

 4

⩾48.67

1.09

(0.69–1.71)

1.14

(0.72–1.81)

 P for trend

 

0.700

 

0.565

 

Sucrose (E%)

 1

⩽6.08

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

6.09–8.04

0.87

(0.53–1.44)

0.81

(0.49–1.35)

 3

8.05–10.34

1.12

(0.70–1.80)

1.03

(0.63–1.66)

 4

⩾10.35

1.17

(0.73–1.87)

1.06

(0.65–1.71)

 P for trend

 

0.345

 

0.782

 

Fat (E%)

 1

⩽33.56

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

33.57–37.54

0.75

(0.47–1.20)

0.75

(0.47–1.20)

 3

37.55–41.57

0.80

(0.50–1.27)

0.80

(0.50–1.28)

 4

⩾41.58

0.82

(0.52–1.30)

0.82

(0.51–1.30)

 P for trend

 

0.433

 

0.454

 

Saturated fatty acids (E%)

 1

⩽13.59

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

13.60–15.73

0.86

(0.54–1.38)

0.82

(0.51–1.32)

 3

15.74–18.32

0.90

(0.56–1.43)

0.83

(0.52–1.33)

 4

⩾18.33

0.90

(0.56–1.40)

0.80

(0.50–1.29)

 P for trend

 

0.699

 

0.394

 

Monounsaturated fatty acids (E%)

 1

⩽11.64

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

11.65–13.09

0.78

(0.49–1.24)

0.77

(0.48–1.23)

 3

13.10–14.53

0.87

(0.55–1.37)

0.89

(0.56–1.40)

 4

⩾14.54

0.71

(0.44–1.15)

0.75

(0.46–1.22)

 P for trend

 

0.232

 

0.346

 

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (E%)

 1

⩽4.85

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

4.86–5.77

0.98

(0.61–1.55)

1.05

(0.66–1.66)

 3

5.78–6.83

0.82

(0.51–1.32)

0.93

(0.57–1.50)

 4

⩾6.84

0,85

(0.53–1.36)

1.00

(0.62–1.63)

 P for trend

 

0.380

 

0.899

 

Omega-3 (E%)

 1

⩽0.77

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

0.78–0.92

0.71

(0.44–1.14)

0.70

(0.44–1.13)

 3

0.93–1.12

0.71

(0.44–1.15)

0.71

(0.44–1.15)

 4

⩾1.13

0.90

(0.58–1.41)

0.89

(0.57–1.41)

 P for trend

 

0.630

 

0.625

 

Omega-6 (E%)

 1

⩽3.80

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

3.81–4.63

0.89

(0.56–1.40)

0.85

(0.61–1.51)

 3

4.64–5.60

0.74

(0.46–1.19)

0.84

(0.52–1.34)

 4

⩾5.61

0.69

(0.43–1.11)

0.84

(0.51–1.36)

 P for trend

 

0.091

 

0.383

 

Fibre (mg/MJ)

 1

⩽1.78

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

1.79–2.15

1.36

(0.85–2.17)

1.32

(0.82–2.11)

 3

2.16–2.59

0.79

(0.47–1.34)

0.74

(0.44–1.27)

 4

⩾2.60

1.04

(0.64–1.69)

0.93

(0.57–1.54)

 P for trend

 

0.573

 

0.320

 

Zinc (mg/MJ)

 1

⩽1.11

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

1.12–1.25

0.77

(0.46–1.28)

0.80

(0.48–1.34)

 3

1.26–1.45

1.12

(0.71–1.78)

1.19

(0.75–1.90)

 4

⩾1.46

1.07

(0.67–1.71)

1.01

(0.66–1.68)

 P for trend

 

0.455

 

0.493

 

Total zinc a (mg)

 1

⩽9.18

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

9.19–11.37

1.10

(0.71–1.71)

1.30

(0.83–2.03)

 3

11.38–14.70

0.65

(0.40–1.08)

0.98

(0.59–1.64)

 4

⩾14.71

0.75

(0.46–1.21)

1.12

(0.68–1.82)

 P for trend

 

0.074

 

0.912

 
  1. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; E%=Energy percent; HR, hazard ratio. The HR was estimated through Cox proportional-hazards regression models with corresponding 95% CIs. HR (95% CI) is stated for quartiles of intake. Variables were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, season and method version. N cases: 135; N non-cases: 27 960. A general linear model was used to calculate P for trend. The quartiles were used as continuous variables.
  2. aIncluding supplementary zinc intake.
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