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  • Original Article
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Body composition, energy expenditure and physical activity

Effects of procedure, upright equilibrium time, sex and BMI on the precision of body fluid measurements using bioelectrical impedance analysis

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition volume 72, pages 148–153 (2018)Cite this article

Subjects

Abstract

Background/Objectives:

Extensive work has addressed the validity of bioimpedance (BIA) measurements and the effect of posture on fluid homeostasis. However, limited research has investigated effects of subject preparation. This study aimed to determine the precision of total body water (TBW) and extracellular water (ECW) measurements using a stand-on multifrequency BIA (MFBIA seca mBCA 514/515), in three pre-test procedures: supine, sitting, and following walking, with specific reference to the influence of sex and body mass index (BMI).

Subjects/Methods:

Fifty three healthy, ambulatory men (n=26, age:32.5±9.4 years) and women (n=27, age:35.2±10.3 years) received repeat MFBIA measurements (six measurements from 0 to 15 min). Agreement and precision were evaluated for each condition and paired time points.

Results:

Significant TBW sex differences from supine posture were observed for walking (females) and sitting (males) postures. For BMI (⩽24.9 kg m−2) significant TBW differences from supine were observed for both sitting and walking and significant ECW differences from sitting were also observed with both supine and walking. There was no significant effect of sex or BMI (⩾25.0 kg m−2) on ECW measures. Irrespective of sex or BMI, there was close agreement in TBW and ECW precision over the three protocols.

Conclusions:

Practitioners can have confidence in the precision of TBW and ECW measurements within a 15 min time period and pre-testing conditions (supine, sitting or walking) in healthy subjects, though must be cautious in assessments when pre-test postures change. Further research to examine the impact of pre-testing procedures on stand-on MFBIA BIA measurements, including subjects with fluid disturbance, is warranted.

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Acknowledgements

SECA provided monetary compensation to subjects for their time participating in the study programme. None of the researchers received direct funding from the company.

Author contributions

KH, BO and ST conception and design of the study; KH, BO, ST and GT-C generation, collection, assembly, analysis and/or interpretation of data; and KH, BO, ST, GT-C and PS drafting or revision of the manuscript and approval of the final version of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bone and Body Composition Research Group, Carnegie School of Sport, Leeds Beckett University, Headingley Campus, Leeds, UK

    S Thurlow, B Oldroyd & K Hind

  2. Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Leeds Beckett University, City Campus, UK

    G Taylor-Covill & P Sahota

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  1. S Thurlow
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  2. G Taylor-Covill
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  3. P Sahota
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  4. B Oldroyd
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  5. K Hind
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Correspondence to S Thurlow.

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Thurlow, S., Taylor-Covill, G., Sahota, P. et al. Effects of procedure, upright equilibrium time, sex and BMI on the precision of body fluid measurements using bioelectrical impedance analysis. Eur J Clin Nutr 72, 148–153 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/ejcn.2017.110

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