Table 1 DeepSAGE top 10 upregulated (coefficient +) and downregulated (coefficient −) genes in HD blood samples

From: Huntington’s disease biomarker progression profile identified by transcriptome sequencing in peripheral blood

Gene

Description

Coefficient a

Expression b

Adjusted P-Value

Protein Function

HYAL2

Hyaluronoglucosaminidase 2

+0.4

2.6

1.0E−03

Hydrolyzes hyaluronic acid

LMO2

LIM domain only 2

+0.3

6.6

1.0E−03

Yolk sac hematopoiesis

MARC1

Mitochondrial amidoxime reducing C1

+0.4

5.0

5.0E−03

N-hydroxylate prodrug conversion

NT5DC2

5′-Nucleotidase domain containing 2

+0.4

2.8

9.0E−03

Hydrolase and metal ion binding

RNF135

Ring finger protein 135

+0.3

5.8

9.0E−03

DDX58 Ubiquitination~IFN-β

PROK2

Prokineticin 2

+0.5

7.9

1.0E−02

Circadian clock—GI contraction

RPN1

Ribophorin I

+0.3

5.5

1.0E−02

26S Proteasome ubiquitin binding

CYSTM1

Cysteine-rich transmembrane module 1

+0.4

6.0

1.0E−02

Stress tolerance

VCAN

Versican

+0.3

8.2

1.6E−02

Intercellular signaling Binds hyal. acid

NCF4

Neutrophil cytosolic factor 4

+0.3

8.9

1.8E−02

NADPH-oxidase component

ARL4C

ADP-Ribosylation factor-like 4C

−0.3

8.2

1.0E−03

Microtubule vesicular transport

TMEM109

Transmembrane protein 109 (Mg23)

−0.3

7.0

6.0E−03

UVC αB-Crystallin protection

MACF1

Microtubule-actin crosslinking factor 1

−0.2

7.2

6.0E−03

Actin-microtubule stabilization

MDN1

Midasin homolog

−0.2

5.3

7.0E−03

AAA-ATPase(dynein)

PTPN4

Protein tyrosine phosphatase NR type 4

−0.3

5.1

9.0E−03

Glutamate receptor signaling

PRF1

Perforin 1

−0.4

9.5

1.0E−02

Cytolysis

CD3G

CD3g Molecule gamma

−0.3

7.5

1.0E−02

CD3 complex signal transduction

NMT2

N-Myristoyltransferase 2

−0.3

3.4

1.0E−02

N-terminal Myristoylation

KLRD1

Killer cell lectin receptor subfamily D 1

−0.4

6.1

1.0E−02

Recognition of MHC class I HLA-E

GPR56

G Protein-coupled receptor 56

−0.4

7.3

1.0E−02

Brain cortical patterning

  1. aCoefficients of gene expression change per motor score unit multiplied by average motor score.
  2. bAverage log2 gene expression levels. Protein function based on Genecards.