Figure 4

14-3-3ɛ activates the MMP-2 promoter via p38 MAPK signaling. (A) The full-length MMP-2 promoter-luciferase reporter (pGL-1,659/+57-luc) and 14-3-3ɛ expression plasmid were co-transfected into NIH3T3 cells together with a plasmid expressing either a dominant negative p38 MAPK (DN-p38 MAPK) or a dominant negative SEK (DN-SEK). The luciferase activities were normalized on the basis of β-galactosidase expression to adjust for variations in transfection efficiency. All results are mean values ± SD of three independent experiments. (B) Phosphorylation of p38 MAPK was observed by immunoblot analysis in control NIH3T3 cells and 14-3-3ɛ-expressing cells at the indicated time. Phosphorylation of ERK and expression of MMP-2 protein were examined as controls. Bots shown in this experiment were typical of three independent experiments.