Figure 4

The data of HepG2 and RAW 264.7 cells. HepG2 cells were cultured with DMSO, 300 µM palmitic acid and co-administration of 300 µM palmitic acid and 10 µM of GW0742. (A) Cells were stained with Oil-red-O to measure intracellular lipid accumulation. Intracellular lipid vacuoles were markedly reduced by GW0742 treatment. (B) The mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, NF-κB and PGC-1α in HepG2 cells were shown. Cells treated with GW0742 showed significant reduction of NF-κB expression and a tendency to have decreased mRNA for TNF-α and PGC-1α. In study of RAW 264.7 cells, the secretion of TNF-α and MCP-1 was significantly increased after palmitic acid treatment compared with control group and the increased level of TNF-α and MCP-1 in co-administration of palmitic acid and GW 0742 compound group was significantly decreased (C and D). FFA, free fatty acid (palmitic acid); TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; PGC-1α, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α. ^*P < 0.05 vs control; ^†P < 0.05 vs FFA. ×400; scale bar, 127 µm.