Figure 1 | Experimental & Molecular Medicine

Figure 1

From: The role of mitochondrial DNA mutation on neurodegenerative diseases

Figure 1

Schematic model of the communication between mitochondria and the nucleus. Signaling between mitochondria and the nucleus is tightly controlled under cellular homeostasis. However, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production induces translocation of the p53 protein to the mitochondria and suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1; inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) by oxidative stress results in alteration of the nuclear genome. mtDNA, mitochondrial DNA; OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation.

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