Figure 2
From: The role of mitochondrial DNA mutation on neurodegenerative diseases
Schematic model of the mitochondrial response to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species, induces mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation and cellular dyshomeostasis. Oxidative stress and mtDNA mutation can lead to: (1) dysfunction of mitochondrial fusion and/or fission dynamics, (2) recruitment of the NLRP3 inflammasome and (3) mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membrane (MAM) alteration.
