Figure 2

Mechanisms of proteinopathies within the context of the aging processes in C. elegans. The longevity-regulating pathways in worms, including IIS, DR, TOR signaling, autophagy, ER stress response, and mitochondrial respiration pathways, have important roles in protein aggregation by modulating cellular proteostasis through cascades of signaling events that eventually control the transcriptional activities of relevant genes. The colored lines derived from different mechanisms represent the direct or indirect regulation of transcription factors and other signaling pathways by the respective pathways. The dotted gray lines indicate the pathways between which the relationship is suspected but not well established.