Table 1 Currently available animal models of RILD
From: Radiation-induced liver disease: current understanding and future perspectives
Animal | Gender | Fractionation/Irradiated area | Dose (Gy) | Follow-up times | Pathological properties | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Rat | ||||||
 Wistar | Male | Single/Whole body | 6 Gy | 2 h | • Increased oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation | |
|  | Male | Single/Liver | 25 Gy | 24 and 48 h | • Mild hepatocellular damage • Mild steatosis | |
|  | Male | Fractionation/Liver | Total 60 Gy (2 Gy per fraction) | 3 mo | • Upregulated ALP levels • No necroinflammation and fibrosis | |
 SD | Not indicated | Single/Abdomen | 8 Gy | 36 h | • Sinusoidal congestion • Hemorrhage • Dilation of the central vein • Degenerated Hepatocyte • Kupffer cell activation | |
|  | Male | Single/Liver | 30 Gy | 6 mo | • Liver fibrosis | |
|  | Male | Single/Liver | 60 Gy | 8 wk | • Hepatic sinus congestion • Hepatocyte apoptosis • Liver fibrosis | |
Mouse | ||||||
 C57BL/6 | Female | Single/Whole body | 20 Gy | 1 wk | • Accumulation of fatty hepatocyte and apoptotic hepatocyte • Expansion of progenitors and • MF-HSC • Liver fibrosis | |
|  | Female | Single/Whole body | 6 Gy | 1 wk | • Accumulation of fatty hepatocytes and apoptotic cells • Liver fibrosis | |
|  | Male | Single/Abdomen | 6 Gy | 6 and 10 wk | • Upregulated ALT/AST levels • Apopotsis • Fat accumulation • Liver fibrosis | |
|  | Male | Fractionation/Liver | Total 30 Gy (6 Gy per fraction) | 6 and 10 wk | • Upregulated ALT/AST levels • Hepatic congestion • Liver fibrosis | |
NHP | ||||||
 Rhesus monkey | Female | Fractionation/Liver | Total 36 Gy (4.5 Gy per fraction) or Total 50 Gy (2.5 Gy per fraction) | 9 mo | • No clinical or biochemical signs of liver dysfunction | |
 Cynomolgus monkey | Male | Fractionation/Liver | Total 40 Gy | 10 wk | • VOD • Hemorrhage • Upregulated ALP levels • Hepatic congestion • Liver fibrosis | |
Rabbit | Not indicated | Single/Liver | 24–28 Gy or 36 Gy | 1, 2 and 6 mo | • No macroscopic and microscopic changes | |
Dog | Not indicated | Single/Liver | 20 Gy | 1 to 2 yr | • Liver fibrosis • Liver cell atrophy | |
