Figure 4

The shape of the expanding range front is affected by boundary condition and time since population established. (a) The frequency that each y-coordinate was at the front of the expanding range 200 generations after expansion has occurred for all three boundary conditions. (b and c) The frequency that each y-coordinate was at the front of range after different time steps for absorbing and reflective boundaries, respectively. Points show the frequency (out of 10 000 repeat simulations) that each y-coordinate was at the front of the expanding range 100 generations after expansion started. These results were generated for K=10 and R=1.8.