Table 2 Models used in the data analysis

From: Variation explained in mixed-model association mapping

Model

Description

Model form

Intercept

Intercept only for comparison

y=μ+e

P

Regression model with fixed principal component covariates

y=μ+Pv+e

K

Mixed model with random kinship

y=μ+Zu+e

P+K

Mixed model fixed principal component covariates and random kinship

y=μ+Pv+Zu+e

Q

Regression model with fixed population structure covariates

y=μ+Qv+e

Q+K

Mixed model fixed population structure covariates and random kinship

y=μ+Qv+Zu+e