Table 2 Estimates of effective population size and exponential growth rate from FLUCTUATE and parameters of the stepwise expansion model from ARLEQUIN

From: Mitochondrial DNA variation in the malaria vector Anopheles minimus across China, Thailand and Vietnam: evolutionary hypothesis, population structure and population history

Exponential growth

θ±s.d.

N0

g±s.d.

Lineages A+B

0.2644±0.0156

13.2 × 106

305.4±14.3

 

(0.261)

 

(307.0)

Lineage A

0.1584±0.0154

9.92 × 106

808.2± 68.3

 

(0.291)

 

(474.7)

Lineage B

0.1289±0.0224

6.45 × 106

1942±103

 

(0.224)

 

(1863.9)

Stepwise growth

Ï„ (95% CI)

θ0 (95% CI)

θ1 (95% CI)

Lineages A+B

0.00250

0.00987

0.0775

 

(0.00031, 0.0215)

(0, 0.0254)

(0.0204, 6.676)

Lineage A

0.00714

3 × 10−6

0.0361

 

(0.00387, 0.0102)

(0, 0.00293)

(0.0166, 9.708)

Lineage B

0.00415

0

0.332

 

(0.00200, 0.00549)

(0, 0.00222)

(0.0149, 11.93)

  1. Abbreviation: CI, confidence interval.
  2. For the exponential model, point estimates of θ and g are shown with approximate s.d. using the UPGMA starting tree (mean from five random starting trees in parenthesis). The exponential growth rate, g, is in units of μ−1 per generation. N0, the current effective population size of females, is estimated from θ (θ=2Nμ, where N is the effective number of females) assuming μ of 1 × 10−8 per year (10−9 per generation, 10 generations per year) (Powell et al., 1986). For the stepwise model, τ is the time since the increase in population size, scaled by the mutation rate (τ=2 μt generations); θ0 and θ1 are proportional to the population size before and after expansion, respectively.
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