Figure 3
From: Inferring population size changes with sequence and SNP data: lessons from human bottlenecks
Mean of Tajima’s D as a function of the time since the onset of the bottleneck. Average values of Tajima’s D over 20 000 replicate simulations of bottleneck models, for an 80% reduction in population size (left panel) and a 95% reduction in population size (right panel). Different chromosomes are considered: autosome (A, solid line), X chromosome (X, dashed line) and mitochondrion (mt, dash-dotted line). The bottleneck lasted 1000 generations for all models, and the onset of the bottleneck varies, as indicated on the x axis (given in units of four times the present-day population size). The simulated samples are composed of 100 segments of 50 000 bp (the recombination rate is 1.5 × 10−8 per site and per generation), with a mutation rate of 1.2 × 10−8 per site and per generation, and they are randomly sampled from a present-day population of 10 000 diploid individuals. mtDNA segments are also 50 000 bp long, but they are non-recombining and the mutation rate is 2.5 × 10−6. Time is measured in units of 4 N generations.
