Table 2 Additive genetic, permanent environment (individual), year and phenotypic covariances and genetic and phenotypic correlations between a color trait (black tail band) and body mass during chick rearing in common kestrel adults from bivariate animal models for females and males

From: Multivariate heredity of melanin-based coloration, body mass and immunity

 

Cov A ±s.e.

Cov PE ±s.e.

Cov Y ±s.e.

Cov P ±s.e.

Genetic correlation

Phenotypic correlation

Females

2.905±1.532 (P=0.054)

n.e.a

1.065±0.886 (P=0.265)

3.265±1.690 (P=0.021)

0.178±0.094

0.122±0.061

Males

−3.226±1.645 (P=0.042)

n.e.a

n.e.a

−3.247±1.582 (P=0.034)

−0.204±0.100

−0.141±0.067

  1. an.e.: non-estimable due to an extremely small or zero variance.