Figure 6
Human history with changes in migration rates. This figure shows, in red, the history of population size changes inferred by Li and Durbin (2011) from the complete diploid genome sequences of a Chinese male (YH) (Wang et al., 2008). The 10 green curves correspond to the IICR of 10 independent replicates of the same demographic history involving three changes in migration rates. The x axis represents time in years in a log scale, whereas the y axis represents real or inferred population size in units of diploid genomes. The times at which these changes occur are represented by the vertical arrows at 2.52 Myr ago, 0.95 Myr ago and 0.24 Myr ago. The blue shaded areas correspond to (1) the beginning of the Pleistocene (Pleist.) at 2.57–2.60 Myr ago, (2) the beginning of the Middle Pleistocene (Mid. Pleist.) at 0.77–0.79 Myr ago and (3) the oldest known fossils of anatomically modern humans (AMH) at 195–198 kyr ago. Following Li and Durbin (2011), we assumed that the mutation rate was μ=2.5 × 10−8 and that generation time was 25 years. We also kept their ratio between mutation and recombination rates. Each deme had a size of 530 diploids and the total number of haploid genomes was thus constant and equal to 10 600. A full color version of this figure is available at the Heredity journal online.
