Table 3 Parameter estimates showing the effects of inbreeding, maternal inbreeding, population density and the interaction between inbreeding and population density
From: Inbreeding depression by environment interactions in a free-living mammal population
Trait | Sample size a | Parameter | Main effects only | ID × E interaction fitted | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | P | Estimate | P | |||
Birth weight | 2810 | Inbreeding | −0.13 (0.234) | 0.579 | −1.666 (0.887) | 0.597 |
697 | Maternal inbreeding | −0.865 (0.419) | 0.04 | 1.469 (1.24) | 0.037 | |
Density | −0.001 (0) | <0.001 | −0.001 (0) | <0.001 | ||
Density:inbreeding | 0.003 (0.002) | 0.071 | ||||
Density:maternal inbreeding | −0.005 (0.002) | 0.045 | ||||
4-Month hindleg | 1665 | Inbreeding | −14.616 (6.39) | 0.022 | −15.922 (24.861) | 0.025 |
582 | Maternal inbreeding | −13.988 (9.411) | 0.138 | 42.509 (31.402) | 0.136 | |
Density | −0.032 (0.003) | <0.001 | −0.033 (0.003) | <0.001 | ||
Density:inbreeding | 0.003 (0.051) | 0.947 | ||||
Density:maternal inbreeding | −0.122 (0.064) | 0.059 | ||||
4-Month weight | 1661 | Inbreeding | −3.881 (1.453) | 0.008 | −6.794 (5.666) | 0.009 |
582 | Maternal inbreeding | −4.541 (2.339) | 0.053 | 7.994 (7.299) | 0.05 | |
Density | −0.008 (0.001) | <0.001 | −0.009 (0.001) | <0.001 | ||
Density:inbreeding | 0.006 (0.012) | 0.586 | ||||
Density:maternal inbreeding | −0.027 (0.015) | 0.069 | ||||
Female first winter survival | 1219 | Inbreeding | −6.535 (−13.138, 0.717) | 0.066 | 24.112 (−7.898, 60.656) | 0.153 |
531 | Maternal inbreeding | 2.385 (−6.207, 11.396) | 0.595 | −9.781 (−50.485, 30.445) | 0.626 | |
Density | −0.0142 (−0.0208, −0.0075) | <0.001 | −0.0144 (−0.0214, −0.008) | <0.001 | ||
Density:inbreeding | −0.064 (−0.136, 0.003) | 0.06 | ||||
Density:maternal inbreeding | 0.024 (−0.053, 0.103) | 0.549 | ||||
Adult female annual survival | 640 (3229) | Inbreeding | −11.284 (−17.221, −5.071) | <0.001 | 27.889 (−6.84, 63.545) | 0.115 |
371 | Maternal inbreeding | −2.363 (−10.13, 4.628) | 0.515 | −1.904 (−9.046, 5.685) | 0.609 | |
Density | −0.0088 (−0.0142, −0.004) | 0.002 | −0.0092 (−0.0148, −0.0041) | 0.002 | ||
Density:inbreeding | −0.068 (−0.131, −0.009) | 0.02 | ||||
Female annual breeding success | 640 (3229) | Inbreeding | −1.915 (−3.573, −0.221) | 0.025 | −3.191 (−10.274, 4.56) | 0.396 |
371 | Maternal inbreeding | −1.002 (−2.826, 0.689) | 0.261 | −0.987 (−2.763, 0.779) | 0.279 | |
Density | −5e−04 (−0.001, 1e−04) | 0.074 | −5e−04 (−0.001, 1e−04) | 0.098 | ||
Density:inbreeding | 0.003 (−0.012, 0.017) | 0.73 | ||||
Male first winter survival | 1035 | Inbreeding | −11.37 (−18.878, −2.655) | 0.008 | −26.53 (−68.359, 18.52) | 0.24 |
507 | Maternal inbreeding | −7.681 (−17.709, 1.954) | 0.121 | 21.771 (−24.959, 67.008) | 0.369 | |
Density | −0.0211 (−0.0325, −0.0113) | <0.001 | −0.0217 (−0.0325, −0.0105) | <0.001 | ||
Density:inbreeding | 0.03 (−0.054, 0.112) | 0.492 | ||||
Density:maternal inbreeding | −0.06 (−0.158, 0.028) | 0.202 | ||||
Adult male annual survival | 446 (1251) | Inbreeding | −11.088 (−19.592, −2.965) | 0.01 | −8.427 (−59.569, 41.515) | 0.748 |
295 | Maternal inbreeding | 4.223 (−5.628, 13.636) | 0.398 | 4.198 (−5.607, 14.134) | 0.389 | |
Density | −0.0138 (−0.0236, −0.0046)) | 0.003 | −0.0139 (−0.0232, −0.0045) | 0.001 | ||
Density:inbreeding | −0.005 (−0.089, 0.084) | 0.924 | ||||
Male annual breeding success | 446 (1251) | Inbreeding | −8.753 (−14.812, −2.725) | 0.003 | −10.635 (−29.217, 5.978) | 0.23 |
295 | Maternal inbreeding | 2.752 (−4.501, 9.211) | 0.424 | 2.765 (−4.313, 9.555) | 0.427 | |
Density | −0.0024 (−0.0042, −5e−04) | 0.014 | −0.0024 (−0.0043, −6e−04) | 0.015 | ||
Density:inbreeding | 0.004 (−0.031, 0.036) | 0.839 | ||||
