Figure 3

Allele frequencies vs environmental factors for the two SNPs that were successfully confirmed in both partial Mantel tests and latent factor mixed models in Arabidopsis halleri. (a) Locus Chr1_2139123 from gene CHX14 (TAIR ID AT1G06970) associated with temperature. (b) Locus Chr1_19775226 from a protein kinase superfamily protein (AT1G53050) associated with solar radiation. Fitted lines show linear regressions (dashed line: original data set; solid line: independent data set). Linear regressions are here only for illustration (they do not account for neutral genetic structure and were not used in the environmental association analysis; the residual plots of the partial Mantel tests are shown in Supplementary Figure S6).