Table 3 The effect of weak selection combined with recessive deleterious allelic effects on the rate of adaptation of the epistatic gene combination

From: A two-locus model of selection in autotetraploids: Chromosomal gametic disequilibrium and selection for an adaptive epistatic gene combination

Ploidy	Rate of recombination
	0	0.05	0.1	0.15	0.2	0.25	0.3	0.4	0.5
Concave down epistasis ( Figure 1a)
Diploid	1944	5260	5371	5406	5423	5434	5441	5449	5454
Autotetraploid
With the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	2995	5203	5224	5231	5234	5236	5237	5239	5240
Double reduction	2995	5195	5211	5212	5211	5210	5208	5203	5200
Without the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	2994	5206	5227	5234	5237	5239	5241	5242	5243
Double reduction	2994	5206	5227	5234	5237	5239	5241	5242	5244
Weakly concave down epistasis ( Figure 1b)
Diploid	2430	6281	6384	6417	6433	6443	6450	6458	6463
Autotetraploid
With the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	4583	7311	7327	7333	7335	7337	7338	7339	7340
Double reduction	4583	7286	7282	7269	7257	7244	7233	7214	7197
Without the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	4583	7313	7330	7335	7338	7340	7341	7342	7343
Double reduction	4583	7313	7330	7335	7338	7340	7341	7342	7343
S-shaped epistasis ( Figure 1c)
Diploid	2744	6656	6756	6789	6805	6815	6822	6830	6835
Autotetraploid
With the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	9780	12 698	12 716	12 722	12 725	12 727	12 728	12 730	12 731
Double reduction	9780	12 583	12 506	12 431	12 365	12 306	12 255	12 166	12 086
Without the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	9784	12 703	12 721	12 727	12 730	12 732	12 733	12 735	12 736
Double reduction	9784	12 703	12 721	12 727	12 730	12 732	12 733	12 735	12 736
Concave up epistasis ( Figure 1d)
Diploid	4729	11 920	12 055	12 090	12 108	12 118	12 125	12 134	12 139
Autotetraploid
With the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	10700	14 385	14 399	14 403	14 406	14 407	14 408	14 409	14 410
Double reduction	10700	14 335	14 307	14 275	14 246	14 220	14 196	14 155	14 119
Without the potential for chromosomal gametic disequilibrium
No double reduction	10702	14 388	14 402	14 406	14 409	14 410	14 411	14 412	14 413
Double reduction	10702	14388	14402	14406	14409	14 410	14 411	14 412	14 413

Relative to Figure 2 and Table 2, both the strength of deleterious selection (ξ₁,ξ₂) and the strength of selection for the epistatic gene combination (γ) are decreased by a factor of 10. The rate of adaptation is measured as the number of generations to reach 90% of maximum possible fitness. All other parameters are the same as in Table 2.

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Table 3 The effect of weak selection combined with recessive deleterious allelic effects on the rate of adaptation of the epistatic gene combination

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