Table 1 Characteristics of study participants based on race/ethnicity
From: Effect of blood pressure on the retinal vasculature in a multi-ethnic Asian population
Characteristics | Whole population (n=3749) | Chinese (n=2215) | Malay (n=807) | Indian (n=727) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, male (%) | 48.2 | 47.6 | 49.3 | 48.7 | 0.7 |
Hypertension (%) | 39.3 | 36.6 | 45.9 | 40.6 | <0.0001 |
Diabetes (%) | 11.4 | 7.1 | 14.0 | 21.7 | <0.0001 |
Current smoking (%) | 12.0 | 10.3 | 17.0 | 11.7 | <0.0001 |
Alcohol consumption (%) | 33.7 | 44.6 | 6.4 | 30.8 | <0.0001 |
Age, mean±s.d. (years) | 49.2 (11.3) | 48.7 (11.7) | 48.9 (11.0) | 50.7 (10.3) | 0.0002 |
Systolic blood pressure, mean±s.d. (mm Hg) | 131.6 (20.2) | 129.5 (19.8) | 136.3 (20.2) | 132.6 (20.4) | <0.0001 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mean±s.d. (mm Hg) | 77.8 (10.7) | 77.0 (10.7) | 79.5 (10.6) | 78.6 (10.6) | <0.0001 |
Serum glucose, mean±s.d. (mmol l−1) | 5.2 (1.6) | 5.0 (1.2) | 5.3 (1.8) | 5.7 (2.2) | <0.0001 |
Body mass index, mean±s.d. (kg m−2) | 24.3 (5.2) | 22.9 (3.6) | 26.3 (4.8) | 26.2 (7.6) | <0.0001 |
Total cholesterol, mean±s.d. (mmol l−1) | 5.2 (1.0) | 5.2 (0.9) | 5.5 (1.0) | 5.2 (0.9) | <0.0001 |
HDL cholesterol, mean±s.d. (mmol l−1) | 1.4 (0.4) | 1.5 (0.4) | 1.4 (0.3) | 1.2 (0.3) | <0.0001 |
LDL cholesterol, mean±s.d. (mmol l−1) | 3.2 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.9) | 3.4 (1.0) | 3.3 (0.8) | <0.0001 |
Triglycerides, mean±s.d., mmol l−1 | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.3 (0.9) | 1.5 (1.2) | 1.4 (0.7) | <0.0001 |
CRAE, mean±s.d. (μm) | 143.8 (14.3) | 143.4 (14.3) | 145.4 (13.8) | 143.0 (14.5) | 0.0008 |
CRVE, mean±s.d. (μm) | 220.8 (20.7) | 219.5 (20.3) | 226.9 (20.7) | 218.0 (20.6) | <0.0001 |
AVR, mean±s.d. | 0.65 (0.1) | 0.66 (0.1) | 0.64 (0.1) | 0.66 (0.1) | <0.0001 |
