Table 3 Relationship of retinal vascular caliber with hypertension status based on race/ethnicity

From: Effect of blood pressure on the retinal vasculature in a multi-ethnic Asian population

 

No Hypertension (n=2274)

Hypertension, controlled (n=223)

Hypertension, uncontrolled/ untreated (n=1252)

P-valuea

Retinal arteriolar caliber (CRAE)

 Model 1a

    

All individuals

146.2 (0.3)

142.5 (0.9)b

139.5 (0.4)b

<0.0001

 Model 2c

    

All individuals

146.2 (0.3)

142.4 (0.9)b

139.6 (0.4)b

<0.0001

Chinese

145.6 (0.4)

141.7 (1.2)b

139.3 (0.6)b

<0.0001

Malays

148.3 (0.7)

145.6 (2.0)

141.6 (0.8)b

<0.0001

Indians

146.0 (0.7)

141.9 (2.1)

138.1 (0.9)b

<0.0001

 Model 3d

    

All individuals

146.0 (0.3)

142.1 (0.8)b

140.0 (0.4)b

<0.0001

Chinese

145.3 (0.3)

141.5 (1.0)b

139.9 (0.5)b

<0.0001

Malays

147.8 (0.6)

143.7 (1.7)

142.5 (0.7)b

<0.0001

Indians

146.2 (0.6)

141.6 (1.9)

138.7 (0.9)b

<0.0001

Retinal venular caliber (CRVE)

 Model 1a

    

All individuals

221.2 (0.4)

222.0 (1.4)

220.1 (0.6)

<0.0001

 Model 2c

    

All individuals

221.4 (0.4)

221.9 (1.4)

219.6 (0.6)

<0.0001

Chinese

220.3 (0.6)

220.1 (1.7)

217.9 (0.8)

<0.0001

Malays

228.2 (1.0)

232.6 (3.1)

224.3 (1.2)

<0.0001

Indians

218.3 (1.0)

215.8 (2.9)

217.7 (1.3)

<0.0001

 Model 3d

    

All individuals

219.5 (0.4)

222.9 (1.2)

222.8 (0.5)b

<0.0001

Chinese

218.6 (0.5)

221.4 (1.6)

221.1 (0.8)b

<0.0001

Malays

226.1 (1.0)

231.9 (2.8)

228.3 (1.2)

<0.0001

Indians

216.2 (0.9)

216.6 (2.6)

221.3 (1.2)b

<0.0001

Arterio–venous ratio (AVR)

 Model 1a

    

All individuals

0.664(0.001)

0.646 (0.004)

0.638 (0.002)

<0.0001

 Model 2c

    

All individuals

0.663 (0.001)

0.646 (0.004)

0.639 (0.002)

<0.0001

Chinese

0.663 (0.002)

0.648 (0.005)

0.642 (0.003)

<0.0001

Malays

0.652 (0.003)

0.629 (0.009)

0.634 (0.003)

<0.0001

Indians

0.671 (0.003)

0.660 (0.009)

0.637 (0.004)

<0.0001

  1. Data presented are analysis of covariance models showing mean±s.e. of retinal arteriolar and venular caliber (in μm).
  2. aModel 1: adjusted for age, gender and ethnicity.
  3. bP-value based on analysis of covariance models, comparing hypertension controlled and hypertension uncontrolled with no hypertension.
  4. cModel 2: adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity (except for ethnicity-specific models), diabetes status, body mass index, total cholesterol, triglycerides, current drinking and current smoking.
  5. dModel 3: adjusted for variables in Model 2 and also for CRVE (in models of CRAE), and CRAE (in models of CRVE).
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