Table 1 Characteristics of study participants, overall and classified by the obesity or abdominal obesity status

From: Obesity as an independent influential factor for reduced radial arterial wave reflection in a middle-aged Japanese male population

 

Overall

Obesity

Abdominal obesity

 

(n=828)

(−) (n=614)

(+) (n=214)

(−) (n=549)

(+) (n=279)

Age (years)

47±5

47±5

47±5

47±5

48±5***

Height (cm)

171±6

171±6

171±5

170±6

172±6*

Weight (kg)

68.0±9.5

64.3±6.8

78.4±8.6*

63.6±6.5

76.6±8.7*

BMI (kg m−2)

23.3±2.9

22.0±1.8

26.9±2.1*

22.0±2.0

25.9±2.4*

WC (cm)

82.1±8.1

79.0±6.0

90.9±6.6*

77.6±4.9

90.8±5.4*

Heart rate (b.p.m.)

69±10

69±10

69±10

68±10

70±9

Systolic BP (mm Hg)

120±14

117±13

126±15*

117±13

125±15*

Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

75±11

73±11

79±11*

73±10

79±11*

Mean BP (mm Hg)

90±12

88±11

95±12*

88±11

94±12*

AI (%)

74.3±12.5

74.3±12.4

74.2±13.1

74.3±12.4

74.2±13.0

Total cholesterol (mg dl−1)

209±33

206±32

216±34*

204±32

218±33*

HDL cholesterol (mg dl−1)

58±14

60±14

52±10*

60±15

53±10*

LDL cholesterol (mg dl−1)

135±39

131±41

144±32*

130±42

144±30*

Triglycerides (mg dl−1)

113±95

102±85

144±114*

97±73

143±122*

Fasting plasma glucose (mg dl−1)

92±14

91±12

96±18**

91±13

95±16*

WBC count ( × 109 per liter)

5.6±1.5

5.5±1.4

6.1±1.5*

5.5±1.5

5.9±1.5*

Current smoking, (%)

28.7

27.5

32.2

27.0

32.3

Family history of CVD, (%)

23.3

23.9

21.5

23.0

24.0

Regular exercise, (%)

25.6

26.7

22.4

28.4

20.1**

Frequency of alcohol intake

 0–1 day per week, (%)

39.3

38.8

40.7

41.3

35.1

 2–5 days per week, (%)

36.1

35.5

37.8

35.2

38.0

 6–7 days per week, (%)

24.6

25.7

21.5

23.5

26.9

  1. Abbreviations: AI, augmentation index; BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CVD, cardiovascular disease; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; WBC, white blood cell; WC, waist circumference.
  2. Values are mean±s.d. or percent of total. Obesity and abdominal obesity were defined as BMI ⩾25 kg m−2 and WC ⩾85 cm, respectively. *P<0.001, **P<0.01, and ***P<0.05 vs. obesity (−) or abdominal obesity (−), as appropriate.
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