Table 2 Comparison of children’s blood pressure by breastfeeding duration according to sex

From: Breastfeeding leads to lower blood pressure in 7-year-old Japanese children: Tohoku Study of Child Development

Variables

Shorter breastfeeding duration a

Longer breastfeeding duration b

P-valuec

Girls

 Number of subjects (n)

94

85

 Conventional SBP (mm Hg)

91.9±9.9d

90.6±10.4

0.3

 Conventional DBP (mm Hg)

56.8±9.7

54.8±8.9

0.2

 Conventional heart rate (b.p.m.)

82.4±10.7

83.2±9.8

0.7

 Home SBP (mm Hg)

93.7±7.0

91.6±7.1

0.05

 Home DBP (mm Hg)

56.3±6.0

54.2±5.8

0.02

 Home heart rate (b.p.m.)

87.4±6.9

86.0±7.1

0.2

Boys

 Number of subjects (n)

92

106

 Conventional SBP (mm Hg)

92.4±7.8

91.7±9.0

0.6

 Conventional DBP (mm Hg)

54.5±7.9

56.3±10.2

0.2

 Conventional heart rate (b.p.m.)

77.4±9.7

78.4±10.5

0.5

 Home SBP (mm Hg)

95.7±5.9

94.0±6.0

0.048

 Home DBP (mm Hg)

56.5±5.8

55.9±5.7

0.5

 Home heart rate (b.p.m.)

82.5±7.5

82.5±8.2

0.9

  1. Abbreviations: DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure.
  2. aDuration of breastfeeding as a major source of nutrition less than 8 months.
  3. bDuration of breast feeding as a major source of nutrition 8 months or more.
  4. cAdjusted for birth weight, children’s BMI and age at 84-month survey.
  5. Mean±s.d. (all such values).