Table 1 Baseline and echocardiographic characteristics of study patients

From: The ratio of observed to predicted left ventricular mass is independently associated with increased cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease

Characteristics

All patients (n=485)

Age (years)

66.0±12.3

Male gender (%)

62.5

Smoking history (%)

31.1

Diabetes mellitus (%)

56.3

Hypertension (%)

82.9

Coronary artery disease (%)

11.8

Cerebrovascular disease (%)

15.3

Congestive heart failure (%)

12.4

Atrial fibrillation (%)

4.1

Stage of CKD

 

 Stage 3 (%)

39.2

 Stage 4 (%)

30.7

 Stage 5 (%)

30.1

Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

141.4±21.2

Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)

79.3±12.9

Pulse pressure (mm Hg)

62.1±17.6

Body mass index (kg m−2)

25.4±4.0

Laboratory parameters

 

 Albumin (g dl−1)

4.01±0.41

 Fasting glucose (mg dl−1)

126.0±58.6

 Triglyceride (mg dl−1)

138.5 (96.8-201)

 Total cholesterol (mg dl−1)

194.5±47.6

 Hemoglobin (g dl−1)

11.6 ±2.4

 Baseline eGFR (ml min−1 per 1.73 m2)

26.1±14.3

 Uric acid (mg dl−1)

8.3±2.3

Proteinuria (%)

66.1

Medications

 

 ACEI and/or ARB use (%)

72.9

 β-blocker use (%)

31.7

 Calcium-channel blocker use (%)

55.7

 Diuretics use (%)

44.5

Echocardiographic data

 

 LA diameter >4.7cm (%)

6.6

 Left ventricular geometry

 

non-LVH

35.7

concentric LVH

27.2

eccentric LVH

37.1

 Observed/predicted LVM (%)

156.6±54.1

 Inappropriate LVM (%)

68.5

 LVEF<50% (%)

6.0

 mwFS<14% (%)

20.8

 E-wave deceleration time (ms)

224.3±66.2

 E/A<1 (%)

75.9

  1. Abbreviations: A, peak late transmitral filling wave velocity; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CKD, chronic kidney disease; E, peak early transmitral filling wave velocity; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LA, left atrial; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; LVM, left ventricular mass; mwFS, midwall fractional shortening.
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