Table 3 Determinants of observed/predicted left ventricular mass in study patients

	Univariate		Multivariate (forward)
Characteristics	Standardized coefficient β	P	Standardized coefficient β	P
Age (years)	0.004	0.928	—	—
Male vs. female	−0.008	0.853	—	—
Smoking (ever vs. never)	0.048	0.288	—	—
Diabetes mellitus	0.080	0.078	—	—
Hypertension	0.083	0.066	—	—
Coronary artery disease	0.121	0.008	—	—
Cerebrovascular disease	0.073	0.109	—	—
Congestive heart failure	0.166	<0.001	—	—
Atrial fibrillation	0.083	0.068	—	—
CKD stage	0.220	<0.001	0.076	0.010
Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	−0.061	0.183	—	—
Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg)	−0.037	0.422	—	—
Pulse pressure (mm Hg)	−0.046	0.312	—	—
Body mass index (kg m⁻²)	0.138	0.002	0.117	<0.001
Laboratory parameters
Albumin (g dl⁻¹)	−0.249	<0.001	—	—
Fasting glucose (mg dl⁻¹)	0.082	0.074	—	—
Triglyceride (Log mg dl⁻¹)	0.050	0.276	—	—
Cholesterol (mg dl⁻¹)	0.088	0.054	—	—
Hemoglobin (g dl⁻¹)	−0.170	<0.001	—	—
Uric acid (mg dl⁻¹)	0.069	0.136	—	—
Proteinuria	0.123	0.007	—	—
Medications
ACEI and/or ARB use (%)	−0.069	0.134	—	—
β-blocker use (%)	0.032	0.481	—	—
Calcium channel blocker use (%)	0.067	0.146	—	—
Diuretics use (%)	0.168	<0.001	—	—
Echocardiographic data
LA diameter >4.7cm (%)	0.177	<0.001	—	—
Left ventricular geometry
non-LVH	Reference		Reference
concentric LVH	0.752	<0.001	0.570	<0.001
eccentric LVH	0.305	<0.001	0.259	<0.001
LVEF<50% (%)	0.329	<0.001	0.097	0.002
mwFS<14% (%)	0.614	<0.001	0.409	<0.001
E-wave deceleration time (ms)	−0.036	0.435	—	—
E/A<1 (%)	−0.014	0.758	—	—

Abbreviations: A, peak late transmitral filling wave velocity; ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin II receptor blocker; CKD, chronic kidney disease; E, peak early transmitral filling wave velocity; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LA, left atrial; LVH, left ventricular hypertrophy; mwFS, midwall fractional shortening.
Values expressed as standardized coefficient β.
Adjusted R square=0.649.

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