Table 1 Descriptive analysis of patients’ clinical backgrounds

From: Plasma thrombin-cleaved osteopontin as a potential biomarker of acute atherothrombotic ischemic stroke

 

Non-atherothrombotic (n=32)

Atherothrombotic (n=28)

P-value

Sex (male/female)

21/11

12/16

0.07

Age (years)

78±7.6

77.7±12.0

0.83

Symptom duration on arrival (h)a

3.7 (1.5–7.0)

8.5 (2.0–14.0)

0.07

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

14 (44)

0 (0)

<0.001

Risk factors

 Hypertension, n (%)

21 (66)

23 (82)

0.04

 Diabetes, n (%)

5 (16)

10 (36)

0.04

 Dyslipidemia, n (%)

8 (25)

12 (43)

0.06

 Previous/current smoker, n

10/5

7/4

0.78

 Sum of risk factorsa,b

1.53 (1.17–1.88)

2.19 (1.81–2.57)

0.01

Comorbidities

 Coronary artery disease, n (%)

3 (9)

4 (14)

0.42

 Peripheral artery disease, n (%)

0

2 (7)

0.21

 Previous ischemic stroke, n (%)

6 (19)

8 (26)

0.27

Pre-hospital medication

 Anti-hypertensive drug, n (%)

13 (40)

18 (64)

0.08

 ARB or ACE-I, n (%)

8 (25)

13 (46)

0.09

 Statin, n (%)

2 (6)

7 (25)

0.06

 Anti-platelets, n (%)

8 (25)

9 (32)

0.39

mRS

 On admissiona

3.43 (2.82–4.04)

2.65 (1.77–3.55)

0.14

 At dischargea

2.60 (1.78–3.42)

2.33 (1.46–3.20)

0.70

NIHSS

 On admissiona

9.69 (6.15–13.22)

5.96 (3.09–8.82)

0.20

 At dischargea

3.67 (0.95–6.38)

3.89 (1.27–6.50)

0.61

  1. Abbreviations: ACE-I, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin-II receptor blocker; mRS, modified Rankin Scale; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale.
  2. aMean (95% confidence interval).
  3. bSum of prevalence of risk factors: hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and current or previous smoking habit.
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