Table 6 The associations of alcohol consumption and eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 in women stratified by smoking

From: The association of alcohol and smoking with CKD in a Japanese nationwide cross-sectional survey

 

Nonsmokers

Smokers

 

Univariate model

Multivariate model a

Univariate model

Multivariate model a

 

OR (95% CI)

P-value

OR (95% CI)

P-value

OR (95% CI)

P-value

OR (95% CI)

P-value

Drinking rarely (n (%))

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

Reference

 

 occasionally

0.84 (0.74–0.96)

0.011

0.74 (0.64–0.86)

<0.001

0.71 (0.39–1.29)

0.258

0.61 (0.29–1.30)

0.195

 ≦19 g/day

0.92 (0.89–0.95)

<0.001

0.94 (0.91–0.97)

0.001

0.93 (0.80–1.09)

0.363

0.90 (0.75–1.07)

0.24

 20–39 g/day

0.65 (0.59–0.70)

<0.001

0.66 (0.60–0.72)

<0.001

0.61 (0.49–0.76)

<0.001

0.55 (0.42–0.72)

<0.001

 40–59 g/day

0.58 (0.49–0.70)

<0.001

0.53 (0.43–0.65)

<0.001

0.52 (0.37–0.72)

<0.001

0.51 (0.34–0.75)

0.001

 ≧60 g/day

0.42 (0.29–0.62)

<0.001

0.35 (0.23–0.54)

<0.001

0.29 (0.16–0.50)

<0.001

0.27 (0.14–0.54)

<0.001

Age ( × 10 years)

1.69 (1.65–1.73)

<0.001

1.59 (1.54–1.63)

<0.001

2.08 (1.92–2.26)

<0.001

1.90 (1.69–2.07)

<0.001

BMI ( × 10 kg/m2)

1.51 (1.45–1.58)

<0.001

0.77 (0.73–0.81)

<0.001

1.40 (1.17–1.67)

<0.001

0.76 (0.59–0.97)

0.026

Systolic BP (mm Hg)

1.01 (1.00–1.01)

<0.001

0.99 (0.99–1.00)

<0.001

1.01 (1.00–1.01)

<0.001

0.99 (0.88–1.00)

0.045

Diastolic BP (mm Hg)

1.01 (1.00–1.01)

<0.001

1.00 (1.00–1.01)

0.002

1.01 (1.00–1.01)

0.01

1.00 (1.00–1.01)

0.605

Triglyceride (Log10 mg/dl)

2.65 (2.47–2.85)

<0.001

1.22 (1.11–1.34)

<0.001

3.15 (2.38–4.18)

<0.001

1.72 (1.14–2.57)

0.009

HDL-C ( × 10 mg/dl)

0.92 (0.91–0.93)

<0.001

1.01 (0.99–1.02)

0.239

0.88 (0.85–0.92)

<0.001

0.99 (0.93–1.04)

0.606

Hemoglobin A1c (%)

1.05 (1.02–1.07)

<0.001

0.86 (0.83–0.89)

<0.001

1.17 (1.08–1.26)

<0.001

0.97 (0.86–1.09)

0.673

Uric acid (mg/dl)

1.99 (1.96–2.02)

<0.001

2.02 (1.99–2.06)

<0.001

1.73 (1.63–1.84)

<0.001

1.73 (1.62–1.85)

<0.001

Past history of

 Heart disease

1.57 (1.48–1.67)

<0.001

1.23 (1.15–1.32)

<0.001

2.43 (1.88–3.13)

<0.001

1.50 (1.11–2.03)

0.009

 Stroke

1.70 (1.58–1.84)

<0.001

1.36 (1.25–1.49)

<0.001

1.82 (1.25–2.65)

0.002

0.98 (0.62–1.52)

0.913

  1. Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; OR, odds ratio.
  2. aAdjusted for alcohol consumption, age, body mass index, mean arterial pressure, triglyceride level, HDL cholesterol level, hemoglobin A1c, uric acid, past history of heart disease and stroke.
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