Table 1 Body mass (BM), absolute (Fm1LH) and relative (Frelm1LH) maximal voluntary ground reaction force, serum inflammatory markers and pQCT-derived values adjusted for BM of women with different body fat percentage

From: The effect of body composition and serum inflammatory markers on the functional muscle–bone unit in premenopausal women

 

<30% body fat (n=19)

30–40% body fat (n=21)

>40% body fat (n=24)

Mechanical factors

 BM (kg)

61.6±7.6

73.9±8.7***

88.4±11.4***,###

 Fm1LH (N)

1999±298

2199±360

2274±318*

 Frelm1LH

3.33±0.28

3.05±0.30*

2.63±0.31*,###

Non-mechanical factors

 CRP (mg dl−1)

1.38±1.27

3.11±3.37

5.82±5.94**

 AGP (g l−1)

0.74±0.18

0.84±0.19

1.05±0.26***,##

 IL-6 (pg ml−1)

0.86±0.68

0.81±0.55

1.30±0.68#

pQCT-derived variables

 vBMC4% (g cm−1 kg−1 BM)

0.0559±0.0062

0.0455±0.0041***

0.0388±0.0054***,###

 vBMD.tb4% (mg cm−3 kg−1 BM)

4.12±0.64

3.36±0.47***

2.85±0.63***,#

 vBMD.tot4% (mg cm−3 kg−1 BM)

5.14±0.75

4.16±0.51***

3.59±0.71***,#

 Ar.bone.tb4% (mm2 kg−1 BM)

8.07±0.81

6.76±0.75***

5.64±0.58***,###

 Ar.bone.tot4% (mm2 kg−1 BM)

17.9±1.8

15.0±1.7***

12.5±1.3***.###

 vBMC14% (g cm−1 kg−1 BM)

0.0408±0.0039

0.0344±0.0035***

0.0291±0.0032***,###

 vBMD.ct14% (mg cm−3 kg−1 BM)

18.1±2.1

15.0±1.9***

12.8±1.7***,##

 vBMD.tot14% (mg cm−3 kg−1 BM)

8.97±1.49

7.47±1.36**

6.22±1.13***,##

 Ar.bone.ct14% (mm2 kg−1 BM)

2.71±0.29

2.24±0.24***

1.90±0.23***,###

 Ar.bone.tot14% (mm2 kg−1 BM)

7.54±0.81

6.39±0.78***

5.43±0.63***,###

 SSIPOL14% (mm3 kg−1 BM)

24.0±2.4

19.9±3.4***

17.4±2.4***,#

 vBMC38% (g cm−1 kg−1 BM)

0.0546±0.0049

0.0468±0.0048***

0.0405±0.0039***,###

 vBMD.ct38% (mg cm−3 kg−1 BM)

19.1±2.3

15.7±2.0***

13.3±1.7***,###

 vBMD.tot38% (mg cm−3 kg−1 BM)

14.6±1.8

12.1±1.7***

10.3±1.5***,##

 Ar.bone.ct38% (mm2 kg−1 BM)

4.35±0.40

3.76±0.41***

3.22±0.31***,###

 Ar.bone.tot38% (mm2 kg−1 BM)

6.14±0.43

5.34±0.57***

4.53±0.42***,###

 SSIPOL38% (mm3 kg−1 BM)

23.5±2.5

20.6±2.8**

17.4±2.5***,###

  1. Abbreviations: AGP, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein; Ar.bone, bone area; CRP, C-reactive protein; ct, cortical; IL-6, interleukin-6; pQCT, peripheral quantitative computed tomography; SSIPOL, strength-strain-index; tb, trabecular; vBMC, volumetric bone mineral content; vBMD, volumetric bone mineral density. Values are means±s.d. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 relative to women with body fat <30%. #P<0.05, ##P<0.01, ###P<0.001 relative to women with body fat between 30% and 40%.
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