Figure 1

Tight junctions’ gene expressions. Gene expressions of occludin (a), JAM-A (b), claudin-1 (c), claudin-4 (d), claudin-15 (e), and ZO-1(f). Significant changes in gene expressions altered by different treatments with P. gingivalis infection (2 and 4 h), P. gingivalis LPS stimulation (2 and 4 h), and ATP plus P. gingivalis or P. gingivalis LPS (2 and 4 h) in H413 clone-1 epithelial cells. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001, ANOVA test. ANOVA, analysis of variance; ATP, adenosine triphosphate; JAM, junctional adhesion molecule; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; ZO, zonula occludens.