Table 1 Doubling times for halophilic Archaea and Bacteria in media supplemented with NaCl (or NaCl plus other solutes) to give a range of water-activity values (see Supplementary Table S4)^a

From: Is there a common water-activity limit for the three domains of life?

Species of halophile (strain designation^b)	Source of isolate	Water activity of medium ^c
		0.803	0.775	0.717	0.712	0.709	0.693	0.687	0.681	0.642
Bacteria
Pontibacillus (strain AS2)^d	Deep-sea sediment^e	ND	<7 Days	NG	NG	ND	NG	NG	NG	NG
Salinicola (strain LC26)^f	Deep sea^g	ND	<7 Days	NG	NG	ND	NG	NG	NG	NG
Archaea
Halobacterium noricense (DSM 15987)	Permian rock salt^h	<7 Days	ND	∼14 Days	NG	ND	NG	∼14 Days	NG	NG
Halobacterium sp. NRC-1	Not documented	<7 Days	ND	∼21 Days	NG	ND	NG	NG	NG	NG
Halococcus morrhuae (NCIMB 787)	The Dead Seaⁱ	<7 Days	ND	∼21 Days	NG	ND	NG	NG	NG	NG
Halococcus salifodinae (DSM 13046)	Halite deposit^j	<7 Days	ND	∼21 Days	NG	ND	∼21 Days	NG	NG	NG
Haloquadratum walsbyi (DSM 16790)	Saltern^k	ND	ND	ND	ND	<7 Days^l	ND	ND	ND	ND
Halorubrum sacchar ovorum (NCIMB 2081)	Saltern^m	<7 Days	ND	NG	NG	ND	NG	NG	NG	NG
Natrinema pallidum (NCIMB 777)	Salted cod	<7 Days	ND	NG	NG	ND	NG	NG	∼14 Days	NG

Abbreviations: ND, not determined; NG, no measurable growth occurred.
^aLiquid nutrient media were supplemented with NaCl, NaCl plus MgCl₂ or NaCl plus MgCl₂ plus glycerol or ethylene glycol; for details of medium compositions see Supplementary Table S4. Incubations were carried out at 20 °C for Pontibacillus strain AS2 and Salinicola strain LC26 and at 37 °C for all other species. Assessments of cell density were carried out over a period of three months (see Materials and methods).
^bFor the source of cultures see Supplementary Materials and Methods .
^cWater-activity values were determined for each medium at the relevant incubation temperature and as described in the Materials and methods. For details of medium composition see Supplementary Table S4.
^dFormerly known as Bacillus strain AS2 (see Sass et al., 2008).
^eSediment (upper 2 cm) beneath a NaCl-dominated, hypersaline brine lake in the L’Atalante Basin, Mediterranean Sea (Sass et al., 2008).
^fFormerly known as Halomonas strain LC26 (see Daffonchio et al., 2006).
^gBrine lake/seawater interface of NaCl-dominated, hypersaline brine lake in the Bannock Basin, Mediterranean Sea (Sass et al., 2008).
^hHalite obtained from 470-m-deep bore cores into a salt mine at Altaussee, Austria (Gruber et al., 2004).
ⁱIsrael (Tindall, 1992); Halococcus morrhuae was formerly known as Sarcina morrhuae (Kocur and Hodgkiss, 1973).
^jObtained via solution-mining of Triassic halite (Lostock, UK) in a saturated NaCl brine (Norton et al., 1993).
^kSalt-saturated crystalliser pond of a solar saltern in Braç del Port, Alicante, Spain (Bolhuis et al., 2004).
^lGrowth data obtained from Bolhuis et al. (2004); medium water-activity determined as described in Materials and methods.
^mMixture of mud and brine in saltern, southern section of San Francisco Bay, California, USA (Tomlinson and Hochstein, 1976).

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Table 1 Doubling times for halophilic Archaea and Bacteria in media supplemented with NaCl (or NaCl plus other solutes) to give a range of water-activity values (see Supplementary Table S4)^a

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