Table 3 Carbon fixation cycles and main metabolic traits of the C-fixing microorganisms found in this study

Taxa/phylogeny	C-fixation pathway	Traits	Main genera identified in Lakes Cisó and C-III from the 16S rRNA gene present in the metagenomic pool
Gallionellales Betaproteobacteria	Calvin	Facultative Chemolithoautotroph Energy sources: Fe(II)/sulfide Denitrification	Sideroxydans
Hydrogenophilales Betaproteobacteria	Calvin	Chemolithoautotroph Sulfide oxidation
Campylobacterales Epsilonproteobacteria	Arnon^a	Chemolithoautotroph Denitrification Sulfide oxidation	Arcobacter, Sulfuricurvum, Sulfurimonas
Chromatiales Gammaproteobacteria	Calvin	Photolithoautotroph Anaerobic Tolerates oxygen	Lamprocystis
Chlorobiales Chlorobi	Arnon^a	Photolithoautotroph Anaerobic (strict) N fixation	Chlorobium luteolum
Desulfobacterales Deltaproteobacteria	Arnon^a Reductive acetyl-CoA^b	Heterotroph Sulfate reducers	Desulfatiferula, Desulfobulbus, Desulfocapsa, Desulfosalsimonas
Syntrophobacterales Deltaproteobacteria	Arnon^a Reductive acetyl-CoA(?)^b	Heterotroph Sulfate reducer/ sulfide oxidation SRAO	Desulfomonile
Desulfuromonadales Deltaproteobacteria	Reductive acetyl-CoA^b	Nitrate dependent Fe(II) oxidation with production of ammonium (Weber et al., 2006)

Abbreviation: SRAO, sulfate-reducing ammonium oxidation.
^aAlso known as reverse Krebs cycle, reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle (rTCA) and reverse citric acid cycle.
^bAlso known as Wood–Ljungdahl pathway.

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