Table 1 Summary of environmental variables measured in the water masses sampled for this study

Water mass	Depth range (m)		Temp (°C)	Salinity (PSU)	Chl a (mg m⁻³)	Dissolved oxygen (mg l⁻¹)	NO₂⁻ (μ m)	NO₃⁻ (μ m)	NH₄⁺ (μ m)	Biogenic silicate (μ m)
UAASW (winter)	10	Max	−1.76	33.97	0.1	ND	0.2	36.9	1.0	ND
		Min	−1.84	33.90	0.1	ND	0.1	25.7	0.4	ND
		Mean	−1.80	33.93	0.1	ND	0.2	31.2	0.7	ND
		s.e.	0.02	0.01	0.00	ND	0.02	1.6	0.10	ND
LAASW (winter)	55–75	Max	−0.82	34.13	0.1	ND	0.2	36.5	1.1	ND
		Min	−1.83	33.91	0.1	ND	0.1	30.1	0.6	ND
		Mean	−1.62	33.97	0.1	ND	0.2	32.4	0.7	ND
		s.e.	0.16	0.03	0.01	ND	0.01	0.9	0.08	ND
CDW (winter)	260–300	Max	2.09	34.68	0.1	ND	0.2	38.3	1.1	ND
		Min	1.32	34.61	0.1	ND	0.0	29.6	0.5	ND
		Mean	1.55	34.64	0.1	ND	0.1	34.8	0.9	ND
		s.e.	0.11	0.01	0.001	ND	0.02	1.2	0.09	ND
WW (summer)	70–125	Max	0.27	34.03	1.5	8.4	0.3	32.5	5.6	1.4
		Min	−1.77	33.83	0.0	6.5	0.1	13.8	0.6	0.0
		Mean	−1.05	33.94	0.5	7.6	0.2	27.1	2.1	0.2
		s.e.	0.10	0.01	0.09	0.07	0.01	0.9	0.26	0.09
CDW (summer)	285–500	Max	2.04	34.72	0.1	5.7	0.3	38.3	4.0	6.1
		Min	0.19	34.32	0.0	3.9	0.0	12.6	0.1	0.0
		Mean	1.40	34.65	0.0	4.2	0.1	30.2	1.0	0.4
		s.e.	0.09	0.02	0.005	0.07	0.01	1.5	0.20	0.26

Abbreviations: CDW, circumpolar deep water; LAASW, lower Antarctic surface water (winter); ND, not determined; UAASW, upper Antarctic surface water (winter); WW, winter water.
Environmental conditions encountered on the Antarctic continental shelf west of the Antarctic Peninsula on 17–24 September 2010 (LMG 10-06) and 7–30 January 2011 (LMG 11-01). See Supplementary Table 1 for the complete data set. Values shown are maximum (Max); minimum (Min); mean and standard error of the mean (s.e.) for each variable.

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