Table 3 Bisphenol A concentrations in surface water (identified as a drinking source) reported for North America, Europe, and Asia.

From: Relevance of drinking water as a source of human exposure to bisphenol A

 

North America

Europe

Asia

Total number of samples

>742

>138

686

Number of samples > detection limit

43

78

586

Percent samples > detection limit

<6%

<57%

85%

Number of samples a within concentration range (μg/l)

<DL

Quantifiedb

<DL

Quantifiedb

<DL

Quantifiedb

 <0.001

>2

1

3

2

0

0

 0.001 to <0.01

148

40c

26

15

0

501d

 0.01 to <0.1

109

 

15

51

49

 

 0.1 to <1

0

1

6

9

51

14

 1 or >1

440

1

10

1

0

>1e

Concentration (μg/l)

 Minimum

<0.0001

<0.0002

0.0022

 Median

<1

<0.006

<0.0155

 95th percentile

<1

<5.1

f

 Maximum

1.9

<5.1 (2.97 g)

4.23

  1. Abbreviation: DL, detection limit.
  2. aThe individual data points were not available for all studies; therefore, the sum of the number of samples will be less than the total shown above.
  3. bThe number of samples quantified at a concentration equal to or exceeding the detection limit.
  4. cIndividual data points were not available to provide breakdown within defined concentration ranges; results ranged from 0.002 μg/l to 0.12 μg/l.
  5. dIndividual data points were not available to provide breakdown within defined concentration ranges; results ranged from 0.0025 μg/l to 0.0965 μg/l.
  6. e71 samples with concentration between 0.037 μg/l and 4.23 μg/l; individual data points were not available to provide breakdown.
  7. fThe 95th percentile could not be calculated as individual data points were not available for all studies.
  8. gThe maximum detected value.