Table 5 LN TAA-PNC models for association with LN hsCRP and LN Il-6.

From: Effect of time-activity adjustment on exposure assessment for traffic-related ultrafine particles

PNC exposure models

Univariate

Multi-variable a

 

LN hsCRP

LN IL-6

LN hsCRP

LN IL-6

 

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

β

95% CI

RAA

1.92

(0.62, 3.22)

1.24

(0.35, 2.13)

1.14

(−0.06, 2.35)

0.53

(−0.28, 1.34)

RAA+AC

1.81

(0.54, 3.09)

1.18

(0.29, 2.08)

0.99

(−0.19, 2.17)

0.54

(−0.25, 1.33)

RAA+work

2.00

(0.27, 3.74)

0.73

(−0.49, 1.96)

1.37

(−0.24, 2.99)

0.6

(−0.48, 1.68)

RAA+work+other

2.28

(0.56, 3.99)

1.14

(−0.05, 2.35)

1.36

(−0.19, 2.92)

0.54

(−0.50, 1.58)

RAA+work+other+highway

2.06

(0.33, 3.80)

1.07

(−0.14, 2.27)

1.67

(−0.03, 3.37)

0.76

(−0.36, 1.88)

RAA+work+other+highway+AC

1.90

(0.47, 3.34)

1.37

(0.38, 2.36)

1.26

(−0.02, 2.75)

0.65

(−0.26, 1.55)

  1. Residential annual average (RAA): PNC values for all hours of the year to the participant’s place of residence. Work: an average higher or lower PNC was inserted for every hour a participant indicated being in the work micro-environment and based upon TRAP exposure job categorization. Other: an urban background average was inserted for every hour a participant identified as being in the “other” micro-environment. Highway: modeled side of highway values was inserted for indicated time spent on highway. Air conditioning (AC): a % reduction when ambient hourly temperatures were above 21 °C (70 °F) was applied to PNC values for the micro-environment inside home when participants identified as having and using window or central AC.
  2. Each PNC model in the table builds iteratively upon the previous row until all micro-environments and the adjustment for residential AC have been included.
  3. aModels adjusted for age, gender, BMI, and smoking status.
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