Abstract
Genetic factors, alone or in interaction with components of the diet, are thought to be involved in the development of the metabolic syndrome. The objective of our study was first to compare the frequency of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)α-L162V polymorphism in a sample of men with and without the metabolic syndrome as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) guidelines, and secondly, to evaluate gene–diet interaction effects on features of the metabolic syndrome. The PPARα-L162V genotype was determined in a sample of 632 men by a polymerase chain reaction–restriction length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP)-based method; fat as well as saturated fat intakes were evaluated by a dietitian-administered food frequency questionnaire. The frequency of the V162 allele was similar in men with (n=281) and without (n=351) the metabolic syndrome (χ 2=0.03, p=0.84) but was higher in subjects having simultaneously abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels (χ 2=3.73, p=0.05). Carriers of the V162 were characterized by higher plasma apolipoprotein B and triglyceride (TG) levels (p=0.10, p=0.004). In a model including the PPARα-L162V polymorphism, fat or saturated fat, its interaction, and covariates (smoking habits, and energy and alcohol intake), the interaction explained a significant percentage of the variance observed in waist circumference (p<0.05). In conclusion, the PPARα-L162V polymorphism alone or in interaction with dietary fat intake is associated with components of the metabolic syndrome.
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Abbreviations
- NCEP-ATPIII:
-
National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III
- PPARs:
-
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
- RXR:
-
Retinoid X receptor
- PPRE:
-
Peroxisome proliferator response element
- Apo B:
-
Apoprotein B
- PCR–RFLP:
-
Polymerase chain reaction–restriction length polymorphism
- L-FABP:
-
Liver fatty acid-binding proteins
- FATP-1:
-
Fatty acid-transport protein-1
- AOX:
-
Liver acyl-CoA oxidase
- CPT:
-
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase
- LPL:
-
Lipoprotein lipase
- SR-BI:
-
Scavenger receptor class B type I
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the subjects for their excellent collaboration. We would like to thank the staffs of the CHUL Lipid Research Center and the Lipid Clinic as well as the Department of Biochemistry and the Cardiology Service of the Chicoutimi Hospital for their dedicated support and assistance. This study was supported by a grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (MOP-44074) and the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada. J. Robitaille received a doctoral studentship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. C. Brouillette is recipient of a studentship from the “Fonds de la recherche en santé du Québec (FRSQ).” M.C. Vohl and S. Lemieux are research scholars from the “FRSQ.” A. Tchernof is a recipient of a new investigator scholarship from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research. D. Gaudet is the chairholder of the Canada Research Chair in Preventive Genetics and Community Genomics (http://www.chaires.gc.ca).
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Robitaille, J., Brouillette, C., Houde, A. et al. Association between the PPARα-L162V polymorphism and components of the metabolic syndrome. J Hum Genet 49, 482–489 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10038-004-0177-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10038-004-0177-9
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