Figure 1 | Laboratory Investigation

Figure 1

From: Inhibition of active autophagy induces apoptosis and increases chemosensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma

Figure 1

Nutrient starvation and xenograft-induced autophagy activation in cholangiocarcinoma cells. (a) Representative confocal images of GFP-LC3 staining and quantitation of the GFP-LC3-positive cells with the GFP-LC3 dots in the two cell lines. QBC939 and RBE cells transiently transfected GFP-LC3 plasmids were incubated in EBSS with vehicle (PBS) or 10 mmol/l of 3-MA for 12 h and observed with the confocal fluorescent microscope. (b) Western blotting analysis LC3 expression on cholangiocarcinoma cells under starvation culture. Three cholangiocarcinoma cell lines were cultured in EBSS for indicated time, then total cell lysates were collected for western blotting to detect LC3 proteins. (c) Representative transmission electron micrographs of autophagosomes in xenografted tumors. QBC939 xenografted tumors in nude mice were examined by electron microscopy. Arrows denote autophagosomes. Results represent the mean±s.d. of combined data from three independent experiments. *P<0.05.

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