Figure 2 | Laboratory Investigation

Figure 2

From: Inhibition of active autophagy induces apoptosis and increases chemosensitivity in cholangiocarcinoma

Figure 2

Autophagy is activated in clinical intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma specimens. (a) Transmission electron microscopy analysis on ultrastructures of normal bile duct epithelium (A) and surgically resected ICC tissues (B, C). Numerous autophagic vacuoles and empty vacuoles (arrows) were observed. (b) Western blotting analysis on LC3 expression in ICC specimens. S, sample. (c) The mRNA expression of autophagy relative genes in ICC specimens. Atg5 and beclin 1 mRAN expression levels were detected on 41 clinical ICC specimens and five cases normal bile vessel tissue obtained by laser capture microdissection. (d) IHC analysis on beclin 1 expression in 50 cases of ICC samples. Representative cases indicate strong, moderate, none to weak and normal bile duct epithelium expression of beclin 1 protein.

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