Figure 5

Western blotting analysis and Immunohistochemical staining analysis of TNF-α and TGF-β1 assay (10 × 40, n=6–8). Data are means±s.d. D1, E1=sham group; D2, E2=CVB+None group; D3, E3=CVB+Saline group; D4, E4=CVB+CA-074Me group (d, e: left panel). The TGF-β1 and TNF-α protein in different groups were done by western blotting analysis (a). The gray scale level of TGF-β1 was much greater in the CVB group versus sham group with significant difference and significantly decreased in CVB+CA-074Me group in comparison with NS group and CVB group (b). The test of homogeneity of variance showed P<0.1, nonparametric test was applied. The gray scale level of TNF-α was much greater in the CVB+None group versus sham group with significant difference and significantly decreased in CVB+CA-074Me group in comparison with CVB+Saline group and CVB+None group (c). The test of homogeneity of variance showed P>0.1, AVONA test was applied. TNF-α-positive cells, TGF-β1-positive cells (yellow granulation, arrow showing cytoplasm and nuclear localization) were quantitated. Both the number of TNF-α-positive cells and TGF-β1-positive cells increased in the CVB+None, CVB+Saline, and CVB+CA-074Me groups in comparison with the sham group, and the number decreased in the CVB+CA-074Me group compared with CVB+None and CVB+Saline groups with significant difference. The test of homogeneity of variance showed P>0.1, AVONA test was applied (d, e: lower panel). *P<0.05 in comparison with the sham group, ^#P<0.05 in comparison with CVB+CA-074Me group.