Figure 4 | Laboratory Investigation

Figure 4

From: Galactose protects hepatocytes against TNF-α-induced apoptosis by promoting activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in acute liver failure

Figure 4

Galactose promotes phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 in hepatocytes without affecting the MAPK signaling pathway. (a and b) Western blot analysis of expression and phosphorylation of p38, JNK1/2, ERK1/2, IKKα, IKKβ, IκBα and NF-κB p65 in Chang liver cells. Cells were pretreated with 1 μg/ml galactose or left untreated for 12 h, followed by treatment with 200 ng/ml TNF-α for the indicated times. Expression and phosphorylation of NF-κB p65 in livers of TNF-α/D-GalN mice (c) and TNF-α/ActD mice (d) were detected via western blot. TNF-α/D-GalN and TNF-α/ActD mice were orally administered 1250 mg/kg galactose or left untreated. All mice were killed at 3 h. Data are representative of three independent experiments.

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