Figure 1

Phenotype analyses of induced M1 and M2 subsets in vitro in Day 7 and positively selected CD14⁺ monocytes on Day 0 before maturation. (a) M1 was defined as CD68⁺ HLA⁻ DR^bright CD86⁺ CD163⁻, whereas M2 was HLA-DR^dim CD86⁻ CD68⁺ CD163⁺. These histograms were defined only by scattergram, not by CD68, to compare the expression between macrophages and monocytes. (b) Monocyte marker CD14 and CD33 expression in each subset induced in vitro and in immature CD14⁺ monocytes. Filled gray means the negative control defined as the CD14⁻ population (sorted using CD14 MicroBeads) stained with the isotype control antibody. Each subset was defined by a scattergram. M2 still expressed CD14, whereas M1 lost the ability to express CD14 after differentiation. CD33 appears to be ideal marker for detecting whole macrophage/monocyte subsets.