Table 1 Mammalian kinome and phosphoresidues

From: Histidine kinases and the missing phosphoproteome from prokaryotes to eukaryotes

Phosphoresidue

Non-redundant mammalian phosphorylation sites

Mammalian kinome families

  

TKL

AGC

CMGC

TK

STE

CK1

CAMK

RGC

PKL

HK

pSer

169 509 (60%)

X

X

X

-

X

X

X

X

-

?

pThr

70 075 (25%)

X

X

X

-

X

X

X

-

-

?

pTyr

44 130 (15%)

-

-

X

X

X

-

-

-

-

?

pHis

ND

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

X

    

~518 kinases (including atypical kinases)

  1. The table indicates which kinase family is involved in phosphorylation for a specific amino-acid residue (Ser, Thr, Tyr and His). The 'X' indicates known substrates and '-' means that the family does not phosphorylate this residue or that no substrates have been defined yet. ND for non-determined. The RGC group (receptor guanylate cyclase kinases) only catalyze Mg2+-dependent autophosphorylation on Ser and Thr. PKL (protein kinase like) and HK (histidine kinases) were previously grouped into the atypical kinase, group but are now recognized as a separate group. PKL groups the protein kinase fold with similar catalytic mechanisms as eukaryotic protein kinases that are not in the nine other groups.
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