Figure 5 | Light: Science & Applications

Figure 5

From: Simultaneous additive and subtractive three-dimensional nanofabrication using integrated two-photon polymerization and multiphoton ablation

Figure 5

Three-dimensional spiral microfluidic channels inside an IP-L polymer cube fabricated by the ‘TPP+FLA’ method. (a) Schematic of the three-dimensional spiral microfluidic channel; (b, c, d) the X–Y cross-sectional view of a spiral channel under a transmission-mode optical microscope at different focal planes (scale bar: 10 µm). The coil diameter of the spiral channel is 20 µm; (e) array of spiral microfluidic channels fabricated inside a polymer cube with a coil diameter of 5 µm and an interchannel spacing of 3 µm. FLA, femtosecond laser ablation; SEM, scanning electron microscope; TPP, two-photon polymerization.

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