Figure 1

(a) Schematic of a unidirectional SPPs coupler. The coupler consists of an array of rectangular apertures with spatially varying orientations on a metal film. (b) Ordinary and anomalous refraction and diffraction for the two circular polarization states. The anomalous diffraction orders are asymmetric about the surface normal. (c) Dispersion curve of SPPs and the momentum matching condition for ordinary and anomalous diffraction orders. (d) Only one of the anomalous diffraction orders in (b) can be matched to the SPP dispersion relation to launch unidirectional SPP due to the asymmetry in the anomalous diffraction orders. Interestingly, when the helicity of the incident beam is reversed, so is the direction of the SPP excitation. SPP, surface plasmon polariton.