Figure 6
From: Coding metamaterials, digital metamaterials and programmable metamaterials

The metamaterial particle for realizing the digital metasurface and the corresponding phase responses. (a) The structure of the metamaterial particle, which behaves as ‘0’ and ‘1’ elements when the biased diode is ‘OFF’ and ‘ON’, respectively. (b) The corresponding phase responses of the metamaterial particle as the biased diode is ‘OFF’ and ‘ON’ over a range of frequencies.