Figure 1 | Light: Science & Applications

Figure 1

From: Three-dimensional chiral microstructures fabricated by structured optical vortices in isotropic material

Figure 1

Holographic generation of a 3D spiral optical field by coaxial interference of a vortex beam and a plane wave. (a) Illustration of the optical vortex holograms with topological charge l=3 (top panels) and −3 (bottom panels) and the corresponding optical helical phase wavefronts and ‘doughnut’-shaped intensity distributions. A regular Gaussian beam hologram (middle panels) with l=0 has a plane wavefront. (b) Interfering a vortex beam (l=3 or −3) with a plane wave results in a spiral pattern. (c) Azimuthal phase hologram (l=3) superimposed with annular zero equiphase in the central area. A radial shift phase tilts the optical vortex to interfere with the plane wave.

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