Figure 2
Induction of chronic pancreatitis in mice treated with NOD1 ligand and a low-dose cerulein requires intact NOD1 and type I IFN receptor signaling pathways. (a) C57BL6 mice, IFNAR-deficient mice (IFNAR−/−), or NOD1-deficient mice (NOD1−/−) were administered a low-dose cerulein for a total three of times, or FK565 followed by a low-dose cerulein for a total of three times as described in Figure 1. Mice received each regimen twice a week for a total of 14 times and then sera and pancreatic tissues were obtained. Total numbers of mice in each group were as follows; C57BL6 cerulein (CER): n=11, C57BL6 CER+FK565: n=11, IFNAR−/− CER: n=6, IFNAR−/− CER+FK565: n=8, NOD1−/− CER: n=10, NOD1−/− CER+FK565: n=8. Serum levels of amylase, pancreatic weight, pathological scores of the pancreas, pancreatic levels of hydroxyproline, and the numbers of pancreatic α-SMA+ cells per high-power fields obtained from mice 3 h after the last injection of cerulein. Results are expressed as mean±s.e.m. and are a pool of two independent experiments. **P<0.01 as compared with cerulein alone in each group. (b) Representative picture of the pancreas tissue stained with H&E, anti-fibronectin and anti-SMA, magnification × 400 (top three lines). Representative picture of dual immunofluorescence of the pancreas tissue stained with anti-amylase Ab (green color) or anti-pIκBα Ab (red color) or anti-pStat3 Ab (red color). Nuclei were stained with DAPI, magnification × 800 (bottom two lines). (c) Representative picture of dual immunofluorescence of the pancreas tissue stained with anti-SMA Ab (green color) or anti-pIκBα Ab (red color) or anti-pStat3 Ab (red color). Nuclei were stained with DAPI, magnification × 1200. H&E; hematoxylin and eosin; IFN, iterferon.
