Figure 3 | Microsystems & Nanoengineering

Figure 3

From: Printed unmanned aerial vehicles using paper-based electroactive polymer actuators and organic ion gel transistors

Figure 3

Mechanical characterization of the actuators. (a) Frames from a video of the deflecting actuator. The actuator is mounted as a cantilever with its tip entering the image from the top. The tip deflection is tracked by an automatic image processing algorithm. The blue cross signifies the original tip location, and the red crosses signify instantaneous tip location. The time between frames is 25 s. A constant voltage of 2 V was applied. (b) The distributed force created by the applied voltage F is calculated using beam theory for a cantilever with deflection d, length L and stiffness EI. Solution processed actuators with Nafion infused into paper from one side exhibit a distributed force on-par with actuators fabricated from a commercial Nafion membrane. Double-sided Nafion infused into paper significantly increases the force.

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