Table 3 Relative tumor hypomethylation of LINE-1 (difference between methylation levels of patient's nonneoplastic liver sample and tumor sample) and clinicopathologic characteristics

Variable	N	Tumor hypomethylation mean±standard deviation)	P-value
Age ^a
60 and younger	12	11±12	0.2
More than 60	21	18±17
Gender ^a
Male	21	18±18	0.2
Female	12	11±11
Country
High risk	24	24±13	0.02
Low risk	33	15±16
Cirrhosis ^a
Absent	24	17±17	0.5
Present	31	20±13
Hepatitis ^a
Absent	18	12±16	0.02
Present	38	22±14
Grade
Well	7	6±16	0.02
Moderate	38	19±14
Poor	12	25±12
Stage ^a
1–2	8	17±18	0.5
3 and 4	23	13±15
p53 gene ^a ^, ^b
Wild type	33	17±15	0.03
Mutated	15	27±15
p16 methylation ^b
Absent	32	16±13	0.1
Present	25	23±17
CAGNAIG methylation ^b
Absent	47	19±14	0.9
Present	10	19±20
ER methylation ^b
Absent	23	11±13	0.001
Present	34	25±14
COX-2 methylation ^b
Absent	48	22±14	0.003
Present	9	6±13
MINT31 methylation ^b
Absent	34	19±15	1.0
Present	23	19±16
MINT1 methylation ^b
Absent	43	21±15	0.2
Present	14	15±15
MINT2 methylation ^a ^, ^b
Absent	51	19±15	0.1
Present	3	4±9
MINT27 methylation ^b
Absent	50	19±16	0.9
Present	7	19±13
CIMP status ^b
Negative	9	7±11	0.04
Intermediate	29	22±14
Positive	19	21±16

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