Table 2 The table shows the association between microvessel density, macrophage count, blood vessel invasion and haematoxylin and eosin-determined vascular invasion with clinicopathological variables in melanoma

From: Objective assessment of blood and lymphatic vessel invasion and association with macrophage infiltration in cutaneous melanoma

Category

Microvessel density

Macrophage count

Blood vessel invasion

Vascular invasion

 

n (%)

n (%)

n (%)

Haematoxylin and eosin n (%)

 

Low

High

P-value

Low

High

P-value

Absent

Present

P-value

Absent

Present

P-value

Gender

 Female (n=99)

44 (46)

45 (47)

0.88

51 (54)

44 (44)

0.18

86 (47)

3 (37)

0.73*

90 (49)

6 (37)

0.37

 Male (n=103)

51 (53)

50 (53)

 

44 (46)

56 (56)

 

96 (53)

5 (62)

 

93 (51)

10 (62)

 

Sentinal node biopsy (SNB)

 Negative (n=70)

38 (40)

25 (26)

0.05

32 (34)

36 (36)

0.73

61 (34)

2 (25.0)

1.00*

68 (37)

2 (12)

0.06*

 Positive (n=132)

57 (60)

70 (74)

 

63 (66)

64 (64)

 

121 (66)

6 (75.0)

 

115 (63)

14 (87)

 

Relapse status

 No (n=134)

62 (68)

63 (67)

0.87

66 (73)

65 (66)

0.31

121 (68)

4 (50)

0.23*

126 (71)

8 (62)

0.09

 Yes (n=62)

29 (32)

31 (33)

 

25 (27)

34 (34)

 

56 (32)

4 (50)

 

52 (29)

5 (38)

 

Staging

 IA/IB (n=43)

29 (31)

10 (11)

<0.001*

22 (24)

19 (20)

0.05*

39 (22)

0 (0)

0.47*

42 (24)

1 (7)

0.21*

 IIA (n=11)

6 (6)

3 (3)

 

5 (5)

6 (6)

 

9 (5)

0 (0)

 

10 (6)

1 (7)

 

 IIB/IIC (n=12)

2 (2)

9 (10)

 

2 (2)

10 (10)

 

10 (6)

1 (14)

 

12 (7)

0 (0)

 

 IIIA (n=88)

44 (47)

40 (44)

 

48 (52)

37 (38)

 

80 (45)

4 (57)

 

75 (42)

11 (73)

 

 IIIB (n=41)

12 (13)

28 (31)

 

15 (16)

25 (26)

 

38 (22)

2 (29)

 

38 (21)

2 (13)

 

Number of positive nodes

 0 (n=70)

38 (40)

25 (26)

0.06*

32 (34)

36 (36)

0.91*

61 (34)

2 (25)

0.41*

68 (37)

2 (12)

0.09*

 1 or 2 (n=123)

51 (54)

67 (71)

 

59 (62)

59 (59)

 

113 (62)

5 (62)

 

107 (58)

13 (81)

 

 ⩾3 (n=9)

6 (6)

3 (3)

 

4 (4)

5 (5)

 

8 (4)

1 (12)

 

8 (4)

1 (6)

 

Melanoma site

 Trunk (n=73)

34 (36)

37 (39)

0.82

32 (34)

39 (39)

0.19

67 (37)

4 (50)

0.38*

65 (36)

7 (44)

0.62*

 Leg (n=67)

34 (36)

28 (29)

 

39 (41)

27 (27)

 

59 (32)

3 (37)

 

61 (33)

5 (31)

 

 Arm (n=45)

20 (21)

23 (24)

 

19 (20)

25 (25)

 

43 (24)

0 (0)

 

43 (23)

2 (12)

 

 Head/neck (n=17)

7 (7)

7 (7)

 

5 (5)

9 (9)

 

13 (7)

1 (12)

 

14 (8)

2 (12)

 

Histological subtype

 Superficial spreading (n=141)

70 (78)

64 (72)

0.36*

73 (81)

63 (67)

0.03

130 (75)

4 (67)

0.37*

127 (74)

12 (80)

0.80*

 Nodular (n=37)

14 (16)

21 (24)

 

11 (12)

26 (28)

 

34 (20)

1 (17)

 

35 (20)

2 (13)

 

 Other (n=12)

6 (7)

4 (4)

 

6 (7)

5 (5)

 

9 (5)

1 (17)

 

10 (6)

1 (7)

 

Breslow thickness (mm)

 ⩽1 (n=94)

53 (56)

34 (36)

0.02

55 (58)

34 (34)

<0.001

84 (46)

3 (37)

0.89*

89 (49)

3 (19)

0.05*

 >1 ⩽2 (n=79)

32 (34)

42 (44)

 

35 (37)

43 (43)

 

70 (38)

4 (50)

 

69 (38)

9 (56)

 

 >2 ⩽4 (n=29)

10 (11)

19 (20)

 

5 (5)

23 (23)

 

28 (15)

1 (12)

 

25 (14)

4 (25)

 

Ulceration

 No (n=145)

80 (87)

54 (59)

<0.001

79 (85)

60 (62)

<0.001

130 (74)

4 (57)

0.39*

129 (73)

13 (87)

0.36*

 Yes (n=50)

12 (13)

37 (41)

 

14 (15)

36 (37)

 

46 (26)

3 (43)

 

48 (27)

2 (13)

 

Mitotic rate (per mm2)

 <3 (n=68)

41 (43)

21 (22)

0.002

36 (38)

27 (27)

0.005

61 (34)

1 (12)

0.29*

64 (35)

3 (19)

0.03*

 3–7 (n=62)

30 (32)

28 (30)

 

35 (37)

26 (26)

 

56 (31)

2 (25)

 

51 (28)

10 (62)

 

 >7 (n=71)

24 (25)

25 (48)

 

23 (24)

47 (47)

 

64 (35)

5 (62)

 

67 (37)

3 (19)

 

Perineural infiltration

 No (n=186)

87 (97)

87 (100)

0.25*

86 (97)

94 (100)

0.11*

168 (98)

6 (100)

1.00*

170 (99)

13 (87)

0.02*

 Yes (n=3)

3 (3)

0 (0)

 

3 (3)

0 (0)

 

3 (2)

0 (0)

 

1 (1)

2 (13)

 

Regression

 No (n=171)

84 (88)

75 (81)

0.14

83 (88)

81 (82)

0.21

151 (84)

8 (100)

0.61*

155 (85)

13 (87)

1.00*

 Yes (n=29)

11 (12)

18 (19)

 

11 (12)

18 (18)

 

29 (16)

0 (0)

 

27 (15)

2 (13)

 

Microsatellites

 No (n=163)

79 (88)

74 (86)

0.73

78 (88)

80 (86)

0.75

149 (88)

4 (67)

0.18*

149 (88)

11 (73)

0.13*

 Yes (n=25)

11 (12)

12 (14)

 

11 (12)

13 (14)

 

21 (12)

2 (33)

 

21 (12)

4 (27)

 

Tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs)

 Absent (n=52)

28 (30)

21 (22)

0.45

35 (37)

16 (16)

0.005

44 (25)

5 (62)

0.07*

48 (27)

4 (27)

0.59*

 Non-brisk (n=126)

56 (61)

63 (67)

 

51 (54)

71 (73)

 

116 (65)

3 (37)

 

113 (63)

11 (73)

 

 Brisk (n=19)

8 (9)

10 (11)

 

8 (9)

10 (10)

 

18 (10)

0 (0.0)

 

19 (11)

0 (0)

 
  1. The number of observations, percentage shown in parentheses (%), and the respective P-values are shown resultant from Pearson's χ2-test of association (χ2), or Fisher's exact test, in which the frequency of observations in a cell was less than 5 (indicated with *). Statistically significant P-values are indicated by bold font.
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