Figure 1 | Modern Pathology

Figure 1

From: Improved detection reveals active β-papillomavirus infection in skin lesions from kidney transplant recipients

Figure 1

Distribution of the viral and cellular markers E4, L1, human papillomavirus 8 (HPV8) DNA and minichromosome maintenance protein 7 (MCM7) in a wart-like lesion from an epidermodysplasia verruciformis patient (elbow). The top images show the scan of the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) histological staining (left) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining (MCM7 in red; E4 in green) (right) of the same tissue section. The white dotted line indicates the basal layer. In the lower panel, the above-mentioned MCM7/E4 staining is reproduced (left picture) and serial sections were double stained for the presence of viral genome amplification by HPV8 DNA-fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) (red) and for E4 expression (green) (middle picture), and stained with antibodies to L1 (red) (right picture). The region shown corresponds to the red square highlighted in the H&E image. The white arrows indicate nuclear L1 staining. All sections were counterstained with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (blue) to visualize cell nuclei. Scale bars: 100 μm.

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